When contractors set out to build a new house, they first prepare the land and establish a foundation. This foundation provides a platform on which they build the structure. The study of science is no different. All branches of science rely on a foundation of knowledge that outlines procedures, methods of measurement, and general scientific inquiries. These skills are essential tools for this course.

In this module, you will investigate the major branches of Earth science. These branches, or subject areas, are all connected. In astronomy, you will learn about the study of space and how the Earth and planets formed. Geology is the study of Earth, the structure of Earth, and the processes which shape and define the planet. Meteorology is the study of the Earth’s atmosphere and weather, like winds, humidity, fronts, hurricanes, and tornadoes. The goal of meteorology is to predict the weather with increased accuracy, in order to better prepare people for extreme weather events. Oceanography is the study of Earth’s ocean environment. The majority of the planet is covered by water, and it is important that the ocean is studied and understood. After you learn about each of the branches of Earth science, you will explore scientific investigation, which is the process that scientists use to explore questions and come to conclusions. Finally, you will learn about measurement and graphs, and the roles that they play in the study of Earth science.

Getting Started

Before you learn about Earth science and the main areas studied in this course, see if you can identify some Earth science terms by playing the Earth Science Bubble Pop game. During the game, pop the bubbles that contain terms related to Earth science. Click the player button to get started.

 

Key Vocabulary

To view the definitions for these key vocabulary terms, visit the course glossary.