Historic canal in Hokkaido

Japan is an archipelago, or a collection of islands, which is separated from mainland Asia by the Sea of Japan. Although Japan is made up of approximately four thousand islands, there are four main islands that most of the Japanese inhabit: Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The location of Japan has provided protection, and has allowed for cultural influences from its nearby Asian neighbors. In this topic, you will explore the relationship between Japan's geography and its cultural development.

Essential Questions

• How has geography influenced Japan's cultural development?
• In what ways is Japanese culture similar to and different from its east Asian neighbors?

 

Warm-Up

Read the following excerpt by Sung Lien, as quoted in The Essence of Chinese Civilization. As you read the passage, consider the following questions: What are the Mongols asking of the Japanese? Do you think the Mongols are sincere in their request? How should the Japanese respond to the Mongol request? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Japanese opening their doors to the Mongols?

The Emperor of the Great Mongols addresses the King of Japan as follows: ...I am sending you my envoys bearing my personal message. It is my hope that the communication between our two countries be opened and maintained and that our mutual friendship be established. A sage regards the whole world as one family; how can different countries be considered one family if there is not friendly communication between them? Is force really necessary to establish friendly relations? I hope that you will give this matter your most careful attention.

Post your responses in the discussion area. Then, return to the topic discussion several times over the next few days to read your coursemates' posts. Reply to at least two of them, making sure to offer new insights, ask questions, and encourage further conversation.